Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

What is an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)?

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) involves an abnormal widening or stretching of the abdominal portion of the aorta, usually due to a weak or damaged area in the wall of the artery. The exact cause is unknown, but risks include atherosclerosis and hypertension. Some causes of an abdominal aortic aneurysm are injury, infection, or congenital weakening of the connective tissue component of the artery wall. Abdominal aortic aneurysm can affect anybody, but it is most often seen in men over 40 years of age. AAA occurs less frequently in white women and African Americans of both sexes. A common complication is "ruptured" aortic aneurysm. This is a medical emergency where the aneurysm breaks open, resulting in profuse bleeding. Ruptured aneurysm occurs in approximately 5 out of 10,000 people. Aortic dissection occurs when the lining of the artery tears and blood leaks into the wall of the artery. An aneurysm that dissects is at even greater risk of rupture.

Symptoms:

a.)  Abdomen hernia mass, midline, pulsating, with tenderness to 
      touch

b.)  Pulsating sensation in the abdomen

c.)  Pain in the abdomen

I.) Severe, sudden, persistent or constant

II.) Not colicky or spasmodic

III.) May radiate to groin, buttocks, or legs

d.)  Abdominal rigidity

e.)  Severe, sudden or persistent pain in the lower back

f.)  Paleness

g.)  Rapid pulse or heartbeat sensations

h.)  Dry skin/mouth, excessive thirst

i.)  Anxiety · nausea & vomiting

j.)  Lightheadedness and fainting can occur with upright posture

k.)  Excessive sweating or clammy skin

l.)  Recently developed fatigue or tiredness

Aneurysm may develop slowly over many years and often have no symptoms. If the aneurysm expands rapidly, tears open (ruptured aneurysm), or blood leaks along the wall of the vessel the above symptoms may develop suddenly.

Nagender A. Reddy, M.D.